Part I

ii Chord, Doublings and Use

ii-examples 


       Model 1                       Model 2

       A  -  B  (s)                  F  -  D  (sk)  
       F  -  G  (s)                  A  -  B  (s)
       D  -  D  (ct)                 F  -  G  (s)
----  ---------                     ---------
Bass:  D  -  G                       D  -  G
C +:  ii  -  V                      ii  -  V



        Model 3                      Model 4

       A  -  B  (s)                  F  -  F  (ct)  
       F  -  F  (ct)                 A  -  B  (s)
       D  -  D  (ct)                 F  -  G  (s)
----  ---------                     ---------
Bass:  D  -  G                       D  -  G
C +:  ii  -  V7                      ii  -  V7



           Model 5                      Model 6

       A  -  G  -  G                 F  -  E  -  D
       F  -  E  -  D                 A  -  C  -  B
       D  -  C  -  B                 F  -  G  -  F
----  --------------                ---------------
Bass:  D  -  G  -  -                 D  -  G  -  -
             6  -  5                       8  -  7
C +:  ii  - V4  -  3                 ii - V6  -  5
                                           4  -  3

In major keys, the ii chord is a minor triad. This chord has two possible doublings: double the root of the chord, or double the third of the chord.

In C major ii = DFA

  1. Root doubled: DFAD, or
  2. Third doubled: DFAF

The choice of doubling often depends on the context, the desire for smooth voice-leading, and avoiding parallel fifths and octaves.

The ii chord often leads directly to V, V7, or the cadential six-four chord.

Both I or IV can move to ii. ii, however, does not move to I. It usually does not move to IV either.